ELF - Electromagnetic Fields Experiments
Experimental procedures and their application in regenerative medicine and cancer treatment
Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) influence biological systems through mechanisms that include ion channel modulation, bioelectric field alignment, and intracellular signaling enhancement. This section examines the experimental findings from various studies, focusing on ELF-EMF effects at very low intensities and the use of Schumann resonance frequencies. ...
Key insights into cellular differentiation, tissue regeneration, and systemic coherence highlight the therapeutic potential of ELF-EMFs in medical and biophysical applications.
ELF-EMFs, ranging from 3 Hz to 300 Hz, have demonstrated non-thermal biological effects across a variety of experimental setups. These fields interact with biological tissues by modulating ion flux, aligning bioelectric fields, and enhancing coherence within cellular systems. This section explores the diverse effects of ELF-EMFs, emphasizing very low-intensity exposures and the resonance frequencies characteristic of the Earth’s natural electromagnetic environment.
Mechanisms of ELF-EMF Interactions:
Ion Cyclotron Resonance (ICR):
ELF-EMFs tuned to ICR frequencies modulate calcium and magnesium ion concentrations, influencing cell signaling and metabolism (Trzyna et al., 2021).
Membrane Potential and Ion Channels:
Modulation of voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) by ELF-EMFs alters intracellular calcium levels, affecting cellular excitability and signaling (Morabito et al., 2017).
Resonance with Schumann Frequencies:
Frequencies such as 7.8 Hz, corresponding to the fundamental Schumann resonance, enhance cellular processes such as differentiation and energy transfer (Baek et al., 2014).
Biological Effects of ELF-EMFs:
Cellular Differentiation:
Stem cell differentiation into osteogenic, chondrogenic, and neuronal lineages is enhanced under ELF-EMF exposure, with optimal frequencies and intensities varying by cell type (Zhou et al., 2021).
Very low intensities, such as 0.0025 mT at 7 Hz, effectively promote cardiac and angiogenic differentiation, highlighting the efficacy of fine-tuned parameters (Ledda et al., 2018).
Proliferation and Regeneration:
Enhanced proliferation of neural progenitor cells and mesenchymal stem cells has been observed in low-intensity ELF-EMF studies, linked to calcium influx and Akt pathway activation (Cheng et al., 2015).
Tissue repair and bone mineral density improvements occur with frequencies such as 50 Hz and intensities around 0.6 mT (Yan et al., 2015).
Therapeutic Applications:
Neuroregeneration and Cognitive Enhancement:
ELF-EMFs improve neurogenesis and cognitive functions, with 50 Hz at 1 mT enhancing olfactory memory and subventricular zone neurogenesis in animal models (Mastrodonato et al., 2018).
Schumann resonance-based frequencies show promise in supporting neuronal differentiation and synaptic plasticity.
Oncology:
Targeted ELF-EMF applications at tumor-specific frequencies inhibit cancer cell proliferation by disrupting ion transport and cellular coherence.
Cardiac and Vascular Therapy:
Low-intensity ELF-EMFs promote cardiac repair and vascular regeneration, providing non-invasive options for treating degenerative cardiovascular conditions (Ledda et al., 2018).
Experimental Evidence:
Frequency-Dependent Effects:
ELF-EMFs exhibit distinct effects depending on frequency and intensity, with key findings including:
Enhanced osteoblast activity at 50 Hz and 0.6 mT (Yan et al., 2015).
Chondrogenic differentiation optimized at 35–58 Hz and 0.1 mT (Zerillo et al., 2024).
Schumann resonance frequencies facilitating epigenetic reprogramming and cellular coherence (Baek et al., 2014).
Very Low-Intensity Applications:
Studies at intensities as low as 0.0025 mT reveal significant biological responses, demonstrating the sensitivity of cellular systems to ELF-EMF exposure (Ledda et al., 2018).
Discussion: ELF-EMFs represent a potent tool for modulating biological systems, leveraging resonance phenomena and bioelectric coherence. The experimental evidence highlights the critical importance of frequency and intensity tuning to achieve desired outcomes. Future research should integrate quantum biological frameworks to further elucidate the interplay between ELF-EMFs, cellular coherence, and systemic health.
Conclusion: Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields, particularly at very low intensities and Earth-resonant frequencies, hold immense potential for advancing therapeutic strategies. By aligning bioelectric fields and enhancing systemic coherence, ELF-EMFs pave the way for innovative medical applications and a deeper understanding of biophysical processes.
Keywords: extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields, Schumann resonance, cellular differentiation, neuroregeneration, bioelectric fields, ion cyclotron resonance, systemic coherence.
-Text generated by AI superficially, for more specific but also more surprising data check the tables below-Very related sections:
↑ text updated (AI generated): 31/12/2024
↓ tables updated (Human): 22/04/2025
Applied Fields - Experimental
ELF - Electromagnetic Fields Experiments
Cellular Differentiation induced by Extremely Low Frequency EMFs ║ Experimental application of ELF-EMF on Neurons & Brain ║ Experimental application of ELF-EMF (Various) ║ ELF-EMF used as Anti-Cancer treatment ║ Experimental findings on the application of Low Frequency (LF) EMF
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 | Effect of low frequency magnetic field (LFMF) on germination and vigour of accelerated aged radish (Raphanus sativus L.) seeds | 0.1-195 Hz - 0.01-0.03 mT |  | 2024-(10) | Xianzong Xia, Anna Zająс-Woźnialis, Gregorio Padula, Leszek Kubisz, Roman Hołubowicz | |
| F |  | The Effect of Bio-Electromagnetic Energy Regulation Therapy on Erectile Dysfunction in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Triple-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial | 30 Hz - 0.001-0.035 mT | | 2024-(12) | Abdulaziz Ali Y. Alzharani, Ali M. Alshami, Turki Abualait, Hatem Al Azman, Foziah Jabbar Alshamrani, Yahya Hilal Alzahrani, Youssef A. Althobaiti |
| A |  | Preliminary Exploration of the Biophysical Mechanisms of Pulsed Magnetic Field- Induced Cell Permeabilization | - | | 2024-(1) | Chi Ma, Mengnan Zhang, Fei Teng, Wei Zheng, Yan Mi |
| F |  | Modulation of biphasic pattern of cortical reorganization in spinal cord transected rats by external magnetic fields [preprint] | 50 Hz - 0.017 mT | | 2024-(42) | Sajeev Kaur, Kanwal Preet Kochhar, Suman Jain |
| F | | Neurite Growth and Electrical Activity in PC-12 Cells: Effects of H3 Receptor-Inspired Electromagnetic Fields and Inherent Schumann Frequencies (Schumann resonance frequency) | 71 Hz, 7.8 Hz - 0.001 mT | | 2024-(9) | Landon M. Lefebvre, Adam D. Plourde-Kelly, Kevin S. Saroka, Blake T. Dotta |
| F | | Response of photosynthesis and electrical reactions of wheat plants upon the action of magnetic fields in the Schumann resonance frequency band (Schumann resonance frequency) | 10.5-18 Hz - 0.018 mT | | 2023-(7) | Marina Grinberg, Nikolay Ilin, Yulia Nemtsova, Fedor Sarafanov, Angelina Ivanova, Alexey Dolinin, Polina Pirogova, Vladimir Vodeneev, Evgeny Mareev |
| F | | Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field induces acetylation of heat shock proteins and enhances protein folding | 1-8 Hz - 0.01 mT |  | 2023-(10) | Zhizhou Huang, Mikako Ito, Shaochuan Zhang, Takuro Toda, Jun-ichi Takeda, Tomoo Ogi, Kinji Ohno |
| F | | A placebo-controlled clinical study to assess the impact of variable complex weak magnetic fields (VCMF’s) generated by the BeCurie™ (Evolv28) device on the subjects with perceived stress and anxiety [preprint] | 1-900 Hz - 0.00004-0.001 mT | | 2023-(26) | Mohan Krishna Jonnalagadda, Lalitha Palle, Shyam Sunder Pasumarthi, ProfileChaitanya Chakravarthi Gali |
| F | | Clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture-like magnetic therapy compared to conventional transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in individuals with carpal tunnel syndrome | 30 Hz | | 2023-(8) | Sui‐Foon Lo, Li‐Wei Chou, Huynh Chung, Hsiu‐Chen Lin |
| F | | The Effect of an Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Field on the Drought Sensitivity of Wheat Plants (Schumann resonance frequency) | 14.3 Hz - 0.018 mT | | 2023-(13) | N. S. Mshenskaya, M. A. Grinberg, E. A. Kalyasova, V. A. Vodeneev, N. V. Ilin, N. N. Slyunyaev, E. A. Mareev, Y. V. Sinitsyna |
| F | | Effects of Schumann resonance on the proliferation and migration of normal human epidermal keratinocytes and the expression of DEFB1 and SIRT1 (Schumann resonance frequency) | 7.8 Hz | | 2023-(5) | Hidemi Sugiwaki, Mayumi Kotani, Akihito Fujita, Shinichi Moriwaki |
| F | | Playing with Biophysics: How a Symphony of Different Electromagnetic Fields Acts to Reduce the Inflammation in Diabetic Derived Cells | 1-112 Hz - 0.001-0.195 mT | | 2023-(15) | Federica Zanotti, Martina Trentini, Ilaria Zanolla, Elena Tiengo, Chiara Mantarro, Luca Dalla Paola, Elena Tremoli, Maria Sambataro, Luisa Sambado, Massimo Picari, Sara Leo, Letizia Ferroni, Barbara Zavan |
| F | | Effects of Ion Cyclotron Frequencies on Human Resistance and Reactance in 31 Healthy Subjects (ICR) | 1.89-15.72 Hz | | 2022-(19) | Aldo Liguori, Larissa Brizhik, Stefano Liguori, Laura Silli, Sergio Bangrazi, Filomena Petti, Medardo Pinti, Maria Ilaria Pistelli, Livio Giuliani |
| F | | Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy (Seqex, Theta) Promotes Well-being as assessed by Heart Rate Variability: A Pilot Study | 4-8 Hz - 0.006 mT | | 2022-(17) | Magda Havas, M. Sheena Symington |
| F | | Therapeutic Potential of Low-Intensity Magnetic Field Stimulation in 6-Hydroxydopamine Rat Model of Parkinson’s Disease: From Inflammation to Motor Function | 50 Hz - 0.018 mT | | 2022-(9) | Samrat Bose, Tapas Chandra Nag, Soumil Dey, Monica Sundd, Suman Jain |
| F | | Influence of Schumann Range Electromagnetic Fields on Components of Plant Redox Metabolism in Wheat and Peas (some Schumann resonance frequencies) | 7.8 Hz, 14.3 Hz, 20.8 Hz - 0.018 mT | | 2022-(14) | Natalia Mshenskaya, Yulia Sinitsyna, Ekaterina Kalyasova, Koshcheeva Valeria, Anastasia Zhirova, Irina Karpeeva, Nikolay Ilin |
| F | | Brief exposure to directionally-specific pulsed electromagnetic fields stimulates extracellular vesicle release and is antagonized by streptomycin: A potential regenerative medicine and food industry paradigm | 15-50 Hz - 1.5 mT | | 2022-(20) | Craig Jun Kit Wong, Yee Kit Tai, Jasmine Lye Yee Yap, Charlene Hui Hua Fong, Larry Sai Weng Loo, Marek Kukumberg, Jürg Fröhlich, Sitong Zhang, Jing Ze Li, Jiong-Wei Wang, Abdul Jalil Rufaihah, Alfredo Franco-Obregón |
| A | | Endogenous Ca2+ release was involved in 50-Hz MF-induced proliferation via Akt-SK1 signal cascade in human amniotic epithelial cells | 50 Hz | | 2022-(1) | An-Fang Ye, Xiao-Chen Liu, Liang-Jing Chen,Yong-Peng Xia, Xiao-Bo Yang, Wen-Jun Sun |
| A | | Quantum Medicine: A Role of Extremely Low-Frequency Magnetic Fields in the Management of Chronic Pain | - | | 2022-(1) | Giovanni Barassi, Mieczyslaw Pokorski, Raffaello Pellegrino, Marco Supplizi, Loris Prosperi, Celeste Marinucci, Edoardo Di Simone, Chiara Mariani, Alì Younes, Angelo Di Iorio |
| A | | Effect of weak alternating magnetic fields on planarian regeneration | 0.074 mT | | 2022-(1) | Artem Ermakov, Vera Afanasyeva, Olga Ermakova, Artem Blagodatski, Anton Popov |
| F | | Effect of extremely low-frequency magnetic fields on light-induced electric reactions in wheat (Schumann resonance frequency) | 14.3 Hz - 0.009 mT | | 2022-(9) | Marina Grinberg, Maxim Mudrilov, Elizaveta Kozlova, Vladimir Sukhov, Fedor Sarafanov, Andrey Evtushenko, Nikolay Ilin, Vladimir Vodeneev, Colin Price, Evgeny Mareev |
| F | | The Influence of Burst-Firing EMF on Forskolin-Induced Pheochromocytoma (PC12) Plasma Membrane Extensions | 0.0003-0.01 mT | | 2021-(17) | Trevor N. Carniello, Robert M. Lafrenie, Blake T. Dotta |
| F | | Electromagnetic Field Stimulation Attenuates Phasic Nociception after Complete Spinal Cord Injury in Rats | 50 Hz - 0.018 mT | | 2021-(16) | Suneel Kumar, Ajay Pal, Suman Jain, Thirumurthy Velpandian, Rashmi Mathur |
| F | | Effects of Resonant Electromagnetic Fields on Biofilm Formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ICR) | 3.9 Hz - 0.0001-0.0003 mT (+ static 0.01-0.04 mT) | | 2021-(12) | Janus A. J. Haagensen, Michael Bache, Livio Giuliani, Nikolaj S. Blom |
| F | | Complex Electromagnetic Fields Reduce Candida albicans Planktonic Growth and Its Adhesion to Titanium Surfaces | 6-70 Hz - 0.006-0.095 mT | | 2021-(14) | Simonetta D’Ercole, Silvia Di Lodovico, Giovanna Iezzi, Tania Vanessa Pierfelice, Emira D’Amico, Alessandro Cipollina, Adriano Piattelli, Luigina Cellini, Morena Petrini |
| F | | Effects of Complex Electromagnetic Fields on Candida albicans Adhesion and Proliferation on Polyacrylic Resin | 1-250 Hz - 0.001-0.25 mT | | 2021-(11) | Morena Petrini, Silvia Di Lodovico, Giovanna Iezzi, Alessandro Cipollina, Adriano Piattelli, Luigina Cellini, Simonetta D’Ercole |
| A | | Effects of Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy at Different Frequencies on Bone Mass and Microarchitecture in Osteoporotic Mice | 8 Hz, 50 Hz, 75 Hz - 1.6 mT | | 2021-(1) | Liqiong Wang, Yi Li, Suhang Xie, Jinming Huang, Kangping Song, Chengqi He |
| F | | Influence of Magnetic Field with Schumann Resonance Frequencies on Photosynthetic Light Reactions in Wheat and Pea (some Schumann resonance frequencies) | 7.8 Hz, 14.3 Hz, 20.8 Hz - 0.018 mT | | 2021-(18) | Vladimir Sukhov, Ekaterina Sukhova, Yulia Sinitsyna, Ekaterina Gromova, Natalia Mshenskaya, Anastasiia Ryabkova, Nikolay Ilin, Vladimir Vodeneev, Evgeny Mareev, Colin Price |
| F | | Pulsed magnetic field maintains vascular homeostasis against H2O2-induced oxidative stress | 40 Hz - 1.5 mT | | 2020-(8) | Ismail Gunay, Ilknur Baldan, Murat Tokus, Cagil Coskun, Isil Ocal, Figen A. Cicek |
| A | | Effect of Intermittent ELF MF on Umbilical Cord Blood Lymphocytes (Schumann resonance frequency) | 7.8 Hz | | 2020-(1) | Lucián Zastko, Leonardo Makinistian, Andrea Moravčíková, Ján Jakuš, Igor Belyaev |
| A | | Cell physiological responses of RAW264 macrophage cells to a 50-Hz magnetic field | 50 Hz - 0.5 mT | | 2020-(1) | Chihiro Nishigaki, Maresuke Nakayama, Hidetake Miyata |
| F | | Short ELF-EMF Exposure Targets SIRT1/Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling in THP-1 Cells | 50 Hz - 1 mT | | 2020-(14) | Patruno Antonia, Costantini Erica, Ferrone Alessio, Pesce Mirko, Diomede Francesca, Trubiani Oriana, Reale Marcella |
| F | | Pulsed electromagnetic fields improve the healing process of Achilles tendinopathy | 75 Hz - 1.5 mT | | 2020-(10) | C. Perucca Orfei, A. B. Lovati, G. Lugano, M. Viganò, M. Bottagisio, D. D’Arrigo, V. Sansone, S. Setti, L. de Girolamo |
| F | | Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields Increase the Expression of Anagen-Related Molecules in Human Dermal Papilla Cells via GSK-3β/ERK/Akt Signaling Pathway | 70 Hz - 0.5-10 mT | | 2020-(11) | Ga-Eun Ki, Yu-Mi Kim, Han-Moi Lim, Eun-Cheol Lee, Yun-Kyong Choi, Young-Kwon Seo |
| A | | Effect of Extremely Low Power Time-Varying Electromagnetic Field on Germination and Other Characteristics in Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica) Seeds | 10 Hz - 0.00003 mT | | 2020-(1) | Balasubramanian Ramesh, Govindababu Kavitha, Sendurpandi Gokiladevi, Rajagopal K. Balachandar, Kuppuswamy Kavitha, Akelayil C. Gengadharan, Rengarajulu Puvanakrishnan |
| A | | Electromagnetic field affects the voltage-dependent potassium channel Kv1.3 | 20 Hz - 0.26 mT, 0.90 mT | | 2020-(1) | C. Cecchetto, M. Maschietto, P. Boccaccio, S. Vassanelli |
| F | | Pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory effects of pulsed magnetic field treatments in rats with experimental acute inflammation | 1-14 Hz - 1 mT | | 2020-(12) | Tufan Mert, Selma Yaman |
| F | | Characterizing the Structural Influence of Electromagnetic Field Application Geometry on Biological Systems [thesis] | - | | 2020-(258) | Trevor N. Carniello |
| F | | On the Origin of Pain – The ‘Pain Channel’ Hypothesis | - | | 2020-(29) | Philip B. Cornish, Anne P. Cornish |
| F | | The Effects of Bio-inspired Electromagnetic Fields on Healthy Enhancement with Case Studies | 0.5-18 Hz - 0.000006-0.0001 mT | | 2019-(13) | Shujun Zhang, Mike Clark, Xuelei Liu, Donghui Chen, Paula Thomas, Luquan Ren |
| A | | Low-Level Electromagnetic Fields Attenuate the Inducibility of Atrial Fibrillation | 0.89 Hz - 0.0000000032 mT | | 2019-(1) | Daniel Sohinki, Stavros Stavrakis, Sunny S. Po, Julie Stoner, Benjamin J. Scherlag |
| F | | Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy Improves Osseous Consolidation after High Tibial Osteotomy in Elderly Patients—A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Trial | 16 Hz - 0.006-0.28 mT | | 2019-(14) | Patrick Ziegler, Andreas K. Nussler, Benjamin Wilbrand, Karsten Falldorf, Fabian Springer, Anne-Kristin Fentz, Georg Eschenburg, Andreas Ziegler, Ulrich Stöckle, Elke Maurer, Atesch Ateschrang, Steffen Schröter, Sabrina Ehnert |
| F | | Cellular calcium concentration changes as a response to intercellular periodic signals and cell synchronization | 16-45 Hz - 0.000178 mT | | 2019-(9) | Yongjun Zhou |
| A | | Evidences of plasma membrane-mediated ROS generation upon ELF exposure in neuroblastoma cells supported by a computational multiscale approach | 50 Hz - 1 mT | | 2019-(1) | Caterina Merla, Micaela Liberti, Claudia Consales, Agnese Denzi, Francesca Apollonio, Carmela Marino, Barbara Benassi |
| F | | Electromagnetic Fields (0.04 to 0.39) mT effect on cellular growth cycles of Saccharomyces cerevisiae wine strains | 50 Hz - 0.04-0.39 mT | | 2019-(11) | Eliseo Amado-González, Alveiro Álvarez Ovallos, Alfonso Quijano Parra |
| F | | Evaluation of the extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) on the growth of bacteria Escherichia coli | various - 0.1-3 mT | | 2019-(11) | Yu Chen, Zhongzhen Cai, Qian Feng, Peng Gao, Yongdong Yang, Xuemei Bai, Bruce Q. Tang |
| F | | Ion Cyclotron Resonance: Results and Prospects for Psychiatry (ICR) | 10-50 Hz - 0.010-0.015 mT | | 2019-(9) | Mario Betti, Marco Paolo Carlo Picchi, Marco Saettoni, Alessandro Greco |
| F | | Specific low frequency electromagnetic fields induce epigenetic and functional changes in U937 cells [preprint] | 20-3200 Hz - 0.02-0.4 mT | | 2018-(14) | Giulia Pinton, Angelo Ferraro, Massimo Balma, Laura Moro |
| F | | Low-intensity electromagnetic fields induce human cryptochrome to modulate intracellular reactive oxygen species | 10 Hz - 1.8 mT | | 2018-(17) | Rachel M. Sherrard, Natalie Morellini, Nathalie Jourdan, Mohamed El-Esawi, Louis-David Arthaut, Christine Niessner, Francois Rouyer, Andre Klarsfeld, Mohamed Doulazmi, Jacques Witczak, Alain d’Harlingue, Jean Mariani, Ian Mclure, Carlos F. Martino, Margaret Ahmad |
| F | | Extremely low- frequency electromagnetic fields accelerates wound healing modulating MMP- 9 and inflammatory cytokines | 50 Hz - 1 mT | | 2018-(10) | A. Patruno, A. Ferrone, E. Costantini, S. Franceschelli, M. Pesce, L. Speranza, P. Amerio, C. D'Angelo, M. Felaco, A. Grilli, M. Reale |
| F | | Effect of pulsed electromagnetic field on nonspecific low back pain patients: a randomized controlled trial | 50 Hz - 2 mT | | 2018-(6) | Ahmed Mohamed Elshiwi, Hamada Ahmed Hamada, Dalia Mosaad, Ibrahim Ragab, Ghada Mohamed Koura, Saud Mashi Alrawaili |
| F | | ICR-Like and Osteoarthritis in Geriatric Patients: Pilot Study at an RCH Facility (ICR) | 40-80 Hz - 0.04 mT | | 2018-(14) | Alessandro Greco, Valentina Lorengo, Nadia Malfatti, Elisabetta Zanella, Laura Sarnella, Manuela Sicher, Ilaria Frati, Nicolò Panza |
| F | | Pulsed electromagnetic fields alleviate streptozotocin-induced diabetic muscle atrophy | 15 Hz - 1.43 mT | | 2018-(7) | Jin Yang, Lijun Sun, Xiushan Fan, Bo Yin, Yiting Kang, Shucheng An, Liang Tang |
| F | | Towards a mechanism of action of a weak magnetic field on bacterial growth [thesis] | 20-50 Hz - 0.5 mT | | 2018-(49) | Kevin G. Do |
| F | | Effective dose analysis of extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic field exposure to growth of S. termophilus, L. lactis, L. acidophilus bacteria | ? - 0.1-0.3 mT | | 2018-(11) | Sudarti, T. Prihandono, Yushardi, Z. R. Ridlo, A. Kristinawati |
| A | | Nonthermal control of Escherichia coli growth using extremely low frequency electromagnetic (ELF-EM) waves | 0.1-1 Hz - 0.0006 mT | | 2018-(1) | F. F. Al-Harbi, Dalal H. M. Alkhalifah, Zainab M. Elqahtani, Fadel M Ali, Shaimaa A. Mohamed, A. M. M. Abdelbacki |
| A | | Influences of Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields on Germination and Early Growth of Mung Beans | 7.83 Hz - 0.3 mT | | 2018-(1) | Pao-Cheng Huang, Jing-Yau Tang, Chen-Hui Feng, Po-Yuan Cheng, Ling-Sheng Jang |
| F | | Influence of Ca2+ Cyclotron Resonance-tuned Magnetic Fields on Germination and Growth of Wheat Seedlings (ICR) | 11 Hz, 16 Hz - 0.1-0.3 mT | | 2018-(11) | Krzysztof Kornarzyński, Siemowit Muszyński |
| F | | A Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Protects against Glutamate-Induced Excitotoxicity by Modulating the Endocannabinoid System in HT22 Cells | 15 Hz - 0.96 mT | | 2017-(8) | Xin Li, Haoxiang Xu, Tao Lei, Yuefan Yang, Da Jing, Shuhui Dai, Peng Luo, Qiaoling Xu |
| F | | A randomized controlled trial of electromagnetic therapy on microcirculation and healing of painful vascular leg ulceration | 12.5 Hz | | 2017-(16) | Eman M. Othman |
| F | | Effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant levels in blood and liver of diabetic rats | 1-40 Hz - 1.5 mT | | 2017-(7) | Hafiza Gözen, Can Demirel, Müslüm Akan, Mehmet Tarakçıoğlu |
| F | | The Role of Lipid Peroxidation and Myeloperoxidase in Priming a Respiratory Burst in Neutrophils under the Action of Combined Constant and Alternating Magnetic Fields | 1-16.5 Hz - 0.00086 mT | | 2017-(5) | V. V. Novikov, E. V. Yablokova, G. V. Novikov, E. E. Fesenko |
| F | | Circadian Rhythm Influences the Promoting Role of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields on Sciatic Nerve Regeneration in Rats | 13 Hz - 0.3 mT | | 2017-(14) | Shu Zhu, Jun Ge, Zhongyang Liu, Liang Liu, Da Jing, Mingzi Ran, Meng Wang, Liangliang Huang, Yafeng Yang, Jinghui Huang, Zhuojing Luo |
| F | | Dynamic Imaging Demonstrates That Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields (PEMF) Suppress IL-6 Transcription in Bovine Nucleus Pulposus Cells | 3.85 Hz | | 2017-(10) | Xinyan Tang, Tamara Alliston, Dezba Coughlin, Stephanie Miller, Nianli Zhang, Erik I. Waldorff, James T. Ryaby, Jeffrey C. Lotz |
| F | | Effect of a low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic field on expression and secretion of IL-1β and TNF-α in nucleus pulposus cells | 2 Hz - 0.000628 - 0.003769 mT | | 2017-(9) | Jun Zou, Yufeng Chen, Jiale Qian, Huilin Yang |
| F | | Evidence of Immune Stimulation Following Short-Term Exposure to Specific Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields | 20-5000 Hz - 0.005 mT | | 2017-(7) | M. K. Wiese, L. de Jager, C. E. Brand |
| F | | Activation of Signaling Cascades by Weak Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields | 50 Hz - 0.001-1 mT | | 2017-(14) | Einat Kapri-Pardes, Tamar Hanoch, Galia Maik-Rachline, Manuel Murbach , Patricia L. Bounds, Niels Kuster, Rony Seger |
| A | | miRNA expression profile is altered differentially in the rat brain compared to blood after experimental exposure to 50 Hz and 1 mT electromagnetic field | 50 Hz - 1 mT | | 2017-(1) | Mehmet Emil Erdal, Senay Görücü Yilmaz, Serkan Gürgül, Cosar Uzun, Didem Derici, Nurten Erdal |
| F | | Exposure to a 50-Hz magnetic field induced mitochondrial permeability transition through the ROS/GSK-3β signaling pathway | 50 Hz - 0.4 mT | | 2016-(8) | Baihuan Feng , Liping Qiu , Chunmei Ye , Liangjing Chen , Yiti Fu and Wenjun Sun |
| F | | The activation of melanogenesis by p-CREB and MITF signaling with extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields on B16F10 melanoma | 30-100 Hz - 2 mT | | 2016-(8) | Yu-Mi Kim, Sang-Eun Cho, Young-Kwon Seo |
| F | | Weak-field H3O+ ion cyclotron resonance alters water refractive index (ICR) | 1.82-7.85 Hz - 0.00005 mT | | 2016-(25) | Settimio Grimaldi, Antonella Lisi, Mario Ledda, Abraham Liboff, Livio Giuliani, Alberto Foletti |
| F | | Study of a bionic system for health enhancements (Earth frequencies & intensities) | 0.5-18 Hz - 0.000006-0.001 mT | | 2016-(15) | Shujun Zhang, Michael Clark, Donghui Chen, Luquan Ren |
| F | | The Effects of the bio-inspired pulsed electromagnetic fields on ATP and health | - | | 2016-(18) | Shujun Zhang , Michael Clark, Xuelei Liu, Donghui Chen, Luquan Ren |
| F | | An Investigation on the Effect of Extremely Low Frequency Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields on Human Electrocardiograms (ECGs) | 16Hz - 0.00233 - 0.00654 mT | | 2016-(10) | Qiang Fang, Seedahmed S. Mahmoud, Jiayong Yan, Hui Li |
| F | | The Effect of Electromagnetic Field Treatment on Recovery from Spinal Cord Injury in a Rat Model – Clinical and Imaging Findings | 15.7-23 Hz - 0.05 mT | | 2016-(6) | Yaron Segal, Lear Segal, Ester Shohami, Efrat Sasson, Tamar Blumenfeld-Katzir, Abraham Cohen, Aharon Levy, Ariela Alter |
| A | | Schwann-like cells differentiated from human dental pulp stem cells combined with a pulsed electromagnetic field can improve peripheral nerve regeneration | 50 Hz - 1 mT | | 2016-(1) | Wei-Hong Hei, Soochan Kim, Joo-Cheol Park, Young-Kwon Seo, Soung-Min Kim, Jeong Won Jahng, Jong-Ho Lee |
| F | | Electromagnetic fields in the treatment of chronic lower back pain in patients with degenerative disc disease | 0.92-9.6 Hz - 0.0033 - 0.0343 nT | | 2016-(8) | Amarjit S. Arneja, Alan Kotowich, Doug Staley, Randy Summers, Paramjit S. Tappi |
| A | | The effects of low-frequency magnetic field exposure on the growth and biochemical parameters in lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) | 16Hz, 50Hz - 0.2 mT | | 2016-(1) | M. Mroczek-Zdyrska, K. Kornarzyński, S. Pietruszewski, M. Gagoś |
| F | | Influence of Pulsing Electromagnetic Field Therapy on Gene Expression in Muscle Cells, Peripheral Circulation, and Metabolic Factors in Aging Adults | < 0.1 mT | | 2016-(9) | Gyula Kóródi, Ferenc Ihász, János Rikk |
| F | | Establishing a Mechanism for the Effects of Specific Patterned Electromagnetic Fields at the Molecular Level Using Fragmented Bacteria (water) [thesis] | 6-25 Hz - 0.0003-0.0038 mT | | 2015-(26) | Ryan Bidal |
| A | | Effects of Electromagnetic Fields on the Metabolism of Lubricin of Rat Chondrocytes | 75 Hz - 2.3 mT | | 2015-(1) | Wei Wang, Wenkai Li, Mingyu Song, Sheng Wei, Chaoxu Liu, Yong Yang, Hua Wu |
| F | | Effects of electromagnetic field (PEMF) exposure at different frequency and duration on the peripheral nerve regeneration: in vitro and in vivo study | 50 Hz, 150 Hz - 1mT | | 2015-(29) | Wei-Hong Hei, Soo-Hwan Byun, Jong-Sik Kim, Soochan Kim, Young-Kwon Seo, Joo-Cheol Park, Soung-Min Kim, Jeong Won Jahng, Jong-Ho Lee |
| F | | Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy Promotes Healing and Microcirculation of Chronic Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Pilot Study | 12 Hz | | 2015-(8) | Rachel Lai-Chu Kwan, Wing-Cheung Wong, Siu-Leung Yip, Ka-Lun Chan, Yong-Ping Zheng, Gladys Lai-Ying Cheing |
| F | | Effect of electromagnetic field on cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in a human mu-opioid receptor cell model | 5 Hz - 0.0015 mT | | 2015-(9) | Christina L. Ross, Thaleia Teli, Benjamin S. Harrison |
| F | | Non‐thermal extremely low frequency magnetic field effects on opioid related behaviors: Snails to humans, mechanisms to therapy | - | | 2015-(17) | Frank S. Prato |
| F | | Modulation of Ca2+ Dependent Proteolysis under the Action of Weak Low Frequency Magnetic Fields (ICR) | 18.5 Hz - 0.044 mT + SmF - 0.024 mT | | 2015-(6) | N. P. Kantserova, L. A. Lysenko, N. V. Ushakova, V. V. Krylov, N. N. Nemova |
| F | | The Use of Low-Level Electromagnetic Fields to Suppress Atrial Fibrillation (ICR) | 0.92 Hz - 0.0034 nT | | 2015-(29) | Lilei Yu, John W. Dyer, Benjamin J. Scherlag , Stavros Stavrakis, Yong Sha, Xia Sheng, Paul Garabelli, Jerry Jacobson, Sunny S. Po |
| A | | Effect of low-frequency magnetic field on formation of pigments of Monascus purpureus | 0.4 mT | | 2015-(1) | Jialan Zhang, Dongjie Zeng, Cui Xu, Mengxiang Gao |
| A | | Extremely low-frequency magnetic fields affect pigment production of Monascus purpureus in liquid-state fermentation | 0.1 - 1.2 mT | | 2014-(1) | J. Zhang, K. Zhou, L. Wang, M. Gao |
| F | | Magnetic Field Configurations Corresponding to Electric Field Patterns That Evoke Long-Term Potentiation Shift Power Spectra of Light Emissions from Microtubules from Non-Neural Cells | 0.001 mT | | 2014-(8) | Blake T. Dotta, David A. E. Vares, Carly A. Buckner, Robert M. Lafrenie, Michael A. Persinger |
| F | | Applications of Weak, Complex Magnetic Fields that Attenuate EAE in Rats to a Human Subject with Moderately Severe Multiple Sclerosis | 7 Hz - 0.00001-0.00001 mT | | 2014-(4) | Michael A Persinger, Stanley A. Koren, Linda S. St. Pierre |
| F | | Exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields inhibits T-type calcium channels via AA/LTE4 signaling pathway | 50 Hz - 0.2 mT | | 2014-(11) | Yujie Cui, Xiaoyu Liu, Tingting Yang, Yan-Ai Mei, Changlong Hu |
| F |  | Lorentz force in water: evidence that hydronium cyclotron resonance enhances polymorphism (ICR) | 33.72 Hz - 0.042 mT + SmF - 0.010 mT | | 2014-(13) | E. D’Emilia, L. Giuliani, A. Lisi, M. Ledda, S. Grimaldi, L. Montagnier, A.R. Liboff |
| F | | Effect of pulsed electromagnetic energy therapy on pain and function in participants with knee osteoarthritis | 15 Hz | | 2014-(3) | Binal A. Gajjar, Megha S. Sheth, Srishti S. Sharma, Neeta J. Vyas |
| A | | Effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) on catalase, cytochrome P450 and nitric oxide synthase in erythro-leukemic cells | 50 Hz - 1 mT | | 2014-(1) | Antonia Patruno, Shams Tabrez, Mirko Pesce, Shazi Shakil, Mohammad A. Kamal, Marcella Reale |
| F | | Effects of Electromagnetic Radiation Exposure on Stress Related Behaviors and Stress Hormones in Male Wistar Rats | 1-5 Hz - 0.1 mT | | 2014-(7) | Seyed Mohammad Mahdavi, Hedayat Sahraei, Parichehreh Yaghmaei, Hassan Tavakoli |
| A | | EMOST: elimination of chronic constipation and diarrhea by low-frequency and intensity electromagnetic fields | - | | 2014-(1) | István Bókkon, Attila Erdőfi-Szabó, Attila Till, Tünde Lukács, Éva Erdőfi-Nagy |
| F | | Evaluation of the effects of Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields (PEMF) on survival of the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus | 2-500 Hz - 0.5-2.5 mT | | 2013-(17) | Istiaque Ahmed, Taghrid Istivan, Irena Cosic, Elena Pirogova |
| F | | Ion Cyclotron Resonance interactions in living systems (ICR) | - | | 2013-(14) | Abraham R. Liboff |
| F | | Non Ionising Radiation as a Non Chemical Strategy in Regenerative Medicine: Ca2+-ICR ‘‘In Vitro’’ Effect on Neuronal Differentiation and Tumorigenicity Modulation in NT2 Cells (ICR) | 7 Hz - 0.002 mT + SmF - 0.010 mT | | 2013-(12) | Mario Ledda, Francesca Megiorni, Deleana Pozzi, Livio Giuliani, Enrico D’Emilia, Sara Piccirillo, Cristiana Mattei, Settimio Grimaldi, Antonella Lisi |
| F | | Modulation of Ca2+ Dependent Protease Activity in Fish and Invertebrates by Weak LowFrequency Magnetic Fields (ICR) | 18.5 Hz - 0.044 mT + SmF - 0.024 mT | | 2013-(5) | N. P. Kantserovaa,, N. V. Ushakovab, V. V. Krylovb, L. A. Lysenkoa, N. N. Nemova |
| F | | DNA and Cell Reprogramming Via Epigenetic Information Delivered by Magnetic Fields, Sound Vibration and Coherent Water | - | | 2013-(18) | Carlo Ventura, Rollin McCraty |
| F | | Inhibition of Angiogenesis Mediated by Extremely Low-Frequency Magnetic Fields (ELF-MFs) | 50 Hz - 2 mT | | 2013-(11) | Simona Delle Monache, Adriano Angelucci, Patrizia Sanita, Roberto Iorio, Francesca Bennato, Fabrizio Mancini, Giancaterino Gualtieri, Rosella Cardigno Colonna |
| F | | A Novel Magnetic Stimulator Increases Experimental Pain Tolerance in Healthy Volunteers - A Double-Blind Sham-Controlled Crossover Study | < 100 Hz - 0.4-1.4 mT | | 2013-(7) | Rudie Kortekaas, Lotte E. van Nierop, Veroni G. Baas, Karl-Heinz Konopka, Marten Harbers, Johannes H. van der Hoeven, Marten van Wijhe, Andre Aleman, Natasha M. Maurits |
| A | | Electromagnetic Pulse Exposure Induces Overexpression of Beta Amyloid Protein in Rats | 100 Hz | | 2013-(1) | Da-peng Jiang, Jing Li, Jie Zhang, Sheng-long Xu, Fang Kuang, Hai-yang Lang, Ya-feng Wang, Guang-zhou An, Jin-hui Li, Guo-zhen Guo |
| F | | Human osteoarthritic chondrocytes exposed to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF) and therapeutic application of musically modulated electromagnetic fields (TAMMEF) systems: a comparative study | - | | 2013-(9) | Claudio Corallo, Nila Volpi, Daniela Franci, Daniela Vannoni, Roberto Leoncini, Giacomo Landi, Massimo Guarna, Antonio Montella, Antonietta Albanese,... |
| F | | Extra-Low-Frequency Magnetic Fields alter Cancer Cells through Metabolic Restriction | - | | 2013-(21) | Ying Li, Paul Héroux |
| F | | Therapeutic application of musically modulated electromagnetic fields in the treatment of muskuloskeletal disorders | - | | 2012-(11) | C. Corallo, M. Rigato, E. Battisti, A. Albanese, S. Gonnelli, N. Giordano |
| F | | The Effects of Hypoxia, Metabolic Restriction and Magnetic Fields on Chromosome Instability and Karyotype Contraction in Cancer Cell Lines [preprint] | - | | 2012- (169) | Ying Li |
| F | | Analgesic effect of the electromagnetic resonant frequencies derived from the NMR spectrum of morphine | - | | 2012-(10) | Ioannis I. Verginadis, Yannis V. Simos, Anastasia P. Velalopoulou, Athina N. Vadalouca, Vicky P. Kalfakakou, Spyridon Ch. Karkabounas, Angelos M. Evangelou |
| A | | Effect of extremely low frequency magnetic field exposure on DNA transposition in relation to frequency, wave shape and exposure time | 25-75 Hz | | 2011-(1) | Gianfranco Giorgi, Pamela Marcantonio, Ferdinando Bersani, Entelë Gavoçi, and Brunella Del re |
| F | | Extremely low magnetic fields as a factor of modulation and synchronization of infradian biorhythms in animals | 8 Hz - 0.005 mT | | 2010-(10) | V. S. Martynyuk, N. A. Temur’yants |
| F | | Therapeutic efficacy of TAMMEF (Therapeutic Application of Musically Modulated Electromagnetic Field) system in carpal tunnel syndrome [preprint] | - | | 2005-(5) | E. Battisti, A. Albanese, F. Ginanneschi, L. Bianciardi, M. Rigato, A. Orsi, N. Giordano |
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| A | | Study of the Inhibition of Schumann Resonance-inspired Electromagnetic Field on Cancer Cell Proliferation (some Schumann resonance frequency) | - | | 2024-(1) | Xianqiang Yan, Xuelei Liu, Shujun Zhang, Zhenning Liu, Luquan Ren |
| F | | The exposure to extremely low frequency electromagnetic-fields inhibits the growth and potentiates the sensitivity to chemotherapy of bidimensional and tridimensional human osteosarcoma models | 2-31 Hz - 0.1 mT | | 2024-(8) | Umberto Lucia, Loredana Bergandi, Giulia Grisolia, Debora Fino, Katia Mareschi, Elena Marini, Alessia Giovanna Santa Banche Niclot, Elisa Tirtei, Sebastian Dorin Asaftei, Franca Fagioli, Antonio Ponzetto, Francesca Silvagno |
| F | | Induction of apoptosis in B16-BL6 melanoma cells following exposure to electromagnetic fields modeled after intercellular calcium waves | 0.004 mT | | 2023-(10) | Benjamin D. Rain, Adam D. Plourde-Kelly, Robert M. Lafrenie, Blake T. Dotta |
| F | | Spinning magnetic field patterns that cause oncolysis by oxidative stress in glioma cells | 77-277 Hz - 0.42-5 mT | | 2023-(13) | Shashank Hambarde, Jeanne M. Manalo, David S. Baskin, Martyn A. Sharpe, Santosh A. Helekar |
| F | | Thermomagnetic Resonance Effect of the Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field on Three-Dimensional Cancer Models | 3-14 Hz - 0.07 mT | | 2022-(19) | Loredana Bergandi, Umberto Lucia, Giulia Grisolia, Iris Chiara Salaroglio, Iacopo Gesmundo, Riccarda Granata, Romano Borchiellini, Antonio Ponzetto, Francesca Silvagno |
| F | | An electrical model with microtubules, impedance measurements and COMSOL simulations for single MDA-MB-231 cells under extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields | 0.3 mT | | 2021-(8) | Chun-Hong Chen, Hsiang-Pin Huang, Ling-Sheng Jang, Min-Haw Wang |
| A | | Effect of extremely low frequency electromagnetic field parameters on the proliferation of human breast cancer (some Schumann resonance frequency) | 7.83 Hz, 23.49 Hz, 39.15 Hz - 0.5-1 mT | | 2021-(1) | Min-Haw Wang, Kuan-Wei Chen, Ding-Xung Ni, Hao-Jha Fang, Ling-Sheng Jang, Chun-Hong Chen |
| A | | Inhibition of B16F10 Cancer Cell Growth by Exposure to the Square Wave with 7.83+/-0.3Hz Involves L- and T-Type Calcium Channels (Schumann resonance frequency) | 7.83 Hz | | 2020-(1) | Min-Haw Wang, Ming-Wei Jian, Yuan-Hsuan Tai, Ling-Sheng Jang, Chun-Hong Chen |
| F | | A high throughput screening system of coils for ELF magnetic fields experiments: proof of concept on the proliferation of cancer cell lines (some Schumann resonance frequencies) | 7.8 Hz, 14.1 Hz, 21 Hz, ... - 0.02-0.17 mT | | 2019-(10) | Leonardo Makinistian, Eva Marková, Igor Belyaev |
| A | | Effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields on B16F10 cancer cells (Schumann resonance frequency) | 7.83 Hz | | 2019-(1) | Jing-Yau Tang, Te-Wei Yeh, Yu-Ting Huang, Min-Haw Wang, Ling-Sheng Jang |
| A | | The Effects of Bio-inspired Electromagnetic Fields on Normal and Cancer Cells | 0.5 Hz - 0.035-0.037 mT | | 2019-(1) | Xuelei Liu, Zongming Liu, Zhenning Liu, Shujun Zhang, Kamal Bechkoum, Michael Clark, Luquan Ren |
| A | | Antitumor effects of the electromagnetic resonant frequencies derived from the 1H-NMR spectrum of Ph3Sn(Mercaptonicotinic)SnPh3 complex | - | | 2019-(1) | Ioannis I. Verginadis, Spyridon Ch. Karkabounas, Yannis V. Simos, Anastasia P. Velalopoulou, Dimitrios Peschos, Antonis Avdikos, Ioannis Zelovitis, Nikolaos Papadopoulos, Evangelia Dounousi, Vasilios Ragos, Angelos M. Evangelou |
| A | | The extremely low frequency electromagnetic stimulation selective for cancer cells elicits growth arrest through a metabolic shift | - | | 2019-(1) | Loredana Bergandi, Umberto Lucia, Giulia Grisolia, Riccarda Granata, Iacopo Gesmundo, Antonio Ponzetto, Emilio Paolucci, Romano Borchiellini, Ezio Ghigo, Francesca Silvagno |
| F | | Application of dynamic magnetic fields to B16-BL6 melanoma cells linked with decrease in cellular viability after short exposures | 10-100 Hz - 0.0001-0.00025 mT | | 2018-(11) | Lucas W. E. Tessaro, Lukasz M. Karbowski, Robert M. Lafrenie, Michael A. Persinger |
| A | | The effects of electromagnetic fields on B16-BL6 cells are dependent on their spatial and temporal character | 6-25 Hz | | 2016-(1) | Carly A. Buckner, Alison L. Buckner, Stan A. Koren, Michael A. Persinger, Robert M. Lafrenie |
| F | | The Third Option for Stopping Cancer: Complex, Temporally Patterned Weak Magnetic Fields- Critical Factors That Influence Their Efficacy and Potential Mechanisms | - | | 2016-(22) | Nirosha J. Murugan, Nicolas Rouleau, Michael A. Persinger |
| F | | Elimination of Frequency Modulated Magnetic Field Suppression of Melanoma Cell Proliferation by Simultaneous Exposure to a Pattern Associated With Memory in Mammals | - | | 2016-(5) | Nirosha J. Murugan, Lukasz M. Karbowski, Michael A. Persinger |
| F | | Seeking the Source of Transience for a Unique Magnetic Field Pattern That Completely Dissolves Cancer Cells in Vitro | 0.003 - 0.005 mT | | 2015-(13) | Lukasz M. Karbowski, Nirosha J. Murugan, Stanley A. Koren, Michael A. Persinger |
| F | | Inhibition of Cancer Cell Growth by Exposure to a Specific Time-Varying Electromagnetic Field Involves T-Type Calcium Channels | 6-25 Hz - 0.002- 0.010 mT | | 2015-(15) | Carly A. Buckner, Alison L. Buckner, Stan A. Koren, Michael A. Persinger, Robert M. Lafrenie |
| F | | Evidence of "Trapped" Voltage Spectrum Residuals within Mouse Melanoma Tumors for about 30 Minutes following brief Exposures to Treatment-Related, Physiologically-Patterned Magnetic Fields | 1-40 Hz - 0.001 mT | | 2015-(5) | Kevin S. Saroka, Lukasz M. Karbowski, Nirosha J. Muruga, Michael A. Persinger |
| F | | Electromagnetic field investigation on different cancer cell lines | 50 Hz - 10 mT | | 2014-(10) | Nenad Filipovic, Tijana Djukic, Milos Radovic, Danijela Cvetkovic, Milena Curcic, Snezana Markovic, Aleksandar Peulic, Branislav Jeremic |
| F | | Low Intensity and Frequency Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields Selectively Impair Breast Cancer Cell Viability | 20-50 Hz - 2-5 mT | | 2013-(13) | Sara Crocetti, Christian Beyer, Grit Schade, Marcel Egli, Jürg Fröhlich, Alfredo Franco-Obregón |
Comparative table of different magnetic intensities from natural sources and artificial sources (with 60 Hz AC electricity usage) at different distances (approx.)
| Element of generation | 0.15 m | 0.6 m | 30 m | 60 m | 100 m |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Geomagnetic field | 0.03 mT - 0.06 mT (depending geolocation) | ||||
| Schumann Resonance | 0.000000001 mT | ||||
| Electric Line (115 kV) | 0.003 mT | 0.00065 mT | 0.00017 mT | 0.00004 mT | 0.00002 mT |
| Electric Line (230 kV) | 0.0057 mT | 0.00195 mT | 0.00071 mT | 0.00018 mT | 0.00008 mT |
| Electric Line (500 kV) | 0.00867 mT | 0.00294 mT | 0.00126 mT | 0.00032 mT | 0.00014 mT |
| Electric Shaver | 0.01 mT | - | - | - | - |
| Vaccum Cleaner | 0.03 mT | 0.001 mT | - | - | - |
| Electric Oven | 0.0009 mT | - | - | - | - |
| Dish Washer | 0.002 mT | 0.0004 mT | - | - | - |
| Microwave Oven | 0.02 mT | 0.001 mT | - | - | - |
| Hair Dryer | 0.03 mT | - | - | - | - |
| Computers | 0.0014 mT | 0.0002 mT | - | - | - |
| Fluorescent Lights | 0.004 mT | 0.0002 mT | - | - | - |
| Copy Machines | 0.009 mT | 0.0007 mT | - | - | - |
The artificial sources magnetic fields are measured only for the 60 Hz frequency, other fields may be generated (for example microwaves from computers).
Table data for artificial sources adapted from: ISSN 2348-117X. Volume 3, Issue 2. April 2014. Living bodies exposed to natural and artificial extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields. Girish Kulkarni & W. Z. Gandhare.
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