Microwave
Experimentally applied microwave frequencies and their non-thermal effects on biosystems
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↓ tables updated: 04/12/2022
Applied Fields - Experimental
Microwave
Various experimental findings on microwave electromagnetic field application ║ Radio electric asymmetric conveyer (REAC) technology for cellular differentiation ║ Some experimental application of radiofrequencies acting through "Rife" resonance
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| A |  | [The use of drinking mineral water and low-intensity electromagnetic radiation at an early stage of metabolic syndrome development (experimental study)] (in Russian) | 1 GHz - 0.001 mW/cm2 |  | 2022-(1) | Yu N. Korolev, L. A. Nikulina, L. V. Mikhailik |
| F |  | 2.4 GHz Electromagnetic Field Influences the Response of the Circadian Oscillator in the Colorectal Cancer Cell Line DLD1 to miR-34a-Mediated Regulation | 2.4 GHz - 0.011 mW/cm2 |  | 2022-(21) | Soňa Olejárová, Roman Moravčík, Iveta Herichová |
| F |  | Microwave radiations of environment: On the possibility of inhibition of malignant mitosis | - | | 2022-(8) | S. V. Avakyan, L. A. Baranova |
| F | | Quantifying Physiological Biomarkers of a Microwave Brain Stimulation Device | 2.4 GHz + 5.2 GHz (35 Hz modulated) - (SAR 0.838 W/Kg + 1.175 W/kg) | | 2021-(16) | Iqram Hussain, Seo Young, Chang Ho Kim, Ho Chee Meng Benjamin, Se Jin Park |
| F | | Evidence of bystander effect induced by radiofrequency radiation in a human neuroblastoma cell line | 1950 MHz (3G UMTS) - (SAR 0.3 W/kg) | | 2021-(7) | Olga Zeni, Stefania Romeo, Anna Sannino, Rosanna Palumbo, Maria Rosaria Scarfì |
| A | | [Action features of the low-intensity electromagnetic radiation at an early stage of development of the experimental metabolic syndrome induced by a diet high in carbohydrates and fats] (in Russian) | 1 GHz - 0.001 mW/cm2 | | 2021-(1) | Yu N. Korolev |
| A | | Influence of Weak Microwaves on Spatial Collision and Energy Distribution of Water Molecules | 2.45 GHz, 5.8 GHz - 0.0000026-0.026 mW/cm2 | | 2020-(1) | Dezhi Gou, Kama Huang, Ying Liu, Hongxiao Shi |
| F |  | AFM Imaging of Protein Aggregation in Studying the Impact of Knotted Electromagnetic Field on A Peroxidase | 2.3 GHz - 0.000000001 mW/cm2 | | 2020-(9) | Yuri D. Ivanov, Tatyana O. Pleshakova, Ivan D. Shumov, Andrey F. Kozlov, Irina A. Ivanova, Anastasia A. Valueva, Vadim Yu. Tatur, Mikhail V. Smelov, Nina D. Ivanova, Vadim S. Ziborov |
| A | | Effect of microtubule resonant frequencies on neuronal cells | 91 MHz, 281 MHz, 3.0 GHz - 0.24 mW/cm2 (SAR 0.000012-0.00053 W/kg) | | 2020-(1) | Yousef Rafati, Jody C. Cantu, Anna Sedelnikova, Gleb P. Tolstykh, Xomalin G. Peralta, Christopher Valdez, Ibtissam Echchgadda |
| A | | Microwave pretreatment of tomato seeds and fruit to enhance plant photosynthesis, nutritive quality and shelf life of fruit | 9.3 GHz - (SAR 0.05-0.17 W/kg) | | 2019-(1) | Shalini Verma, Vinay Sharma, Nilima Kumari |
| A | | Effects of 171 MHz Low‐Intensity Electromagnetic Field on Glucocorticoid and Mineral Corticoid Activity of the Adrenal Glands of Rats | 171 MHz - 0.06-0.32 mW/cm2 | | 2019-(1) | Sergey Perov, Nina Rubtsova, Quirino Balzano |
| F | | The Effect of Repeated Electromagnetic Fields Stimulation in Biological Systems (water) | 50 MHz, 64 MHz, etc. - (SAR 0.4-0.6 W/kg) | | 2019-(18) | Felipe P. Perez, James Rizkalla, Matthew Jeffers, Paul Salama, Cristina N. Perez Chumbiauca, Maher Rizkalla |
| F | | A Clinical Trial of Transcranial Electromagnetic Treatment in Alzheimer's Disease: Cognitive Enhancement and Associated Changes in Cerebrospinal Fluid, Blood, and Brain Imaging | 915 MHz (217 Hz modulated) - (SAR 1.18 W/kg) | | 2019-(26) | Gary Arendash, Chuanhai Cao, Haitham Abulaban, Rob Baranowski, Gary Wisniewski, Lino Becerra, Ross Andel, Xiaoyang Lin, Xiaolin Zhang, David Wittwer, Jay Moulton, John Arrington, Amanda Smith |
| A | | Effects of Radiofrequency Exposure and Co-Expo-sure on Human Lymphocytes: the Influence of Signal Modulation and Bandwidth | 1950 MHz (CW & modulated) - (SAR 0.15-1.24 W/kg) | | 2019-(1) | Stefania Romeo, Anna Sannino, Olga Zeni, Leopoldo Angrisani, Rita Massa, Maria Rosaria Scarfi |
| F | | The Effect of Environmental Electromagnetic Radiation on Associate Formation in Aqueous Solutions (water)(microwave generation in ionosphere) | - | | 2019-(7) | S. V. Avakyan, L. A. Baranova |
| A | | Brain stimulation by modulated microwave radiation: a feasibility study | 450 MHz (40 Hz modulated) - 0.16 mW/cm2 | | 2018-(1) | Maie Bachmann, Jaanus Lass, Andreas A. Ioannides, Hiie Hinrikus |
| F | | Fas/FasL pathway and cytokines in keratinocytes in atopic dermatitis – Manipulation by the electromagnetic field | 900 MHz - 0.1 mW/cm2 (SAR 0.024 W/kg) | | 2018-(12) | Lukasz Szymanski , Aleksandra Cios, Sławomir Lewicki, Pawel Szymanski, Wanda Stankiewicz |
| F | | Use of non-ionizing electromagnetic fields for the treatment of cancer | - | | 2018-(14) | Hugo Jimenez, Carl Blackman, Glenn Lesser, Waldemar Debinski, Michael Chan, Sambad Sharma, Kounosuke Watabe, Hui-Wen Lo, Alexandra Thomas, Dwayne Godwin, William Blackstock, Albert Mudry, James Posey, Rodney O’Connor, Ivan Brezovich, Keith Bonin, Daniel Kim-Shapiro, Alexandre Barbault, Boris Pasche |
| F | | Non-Ionizing Electromagnetic Fields for Food Safety (in Spanish) | 2.41 GHz, 2.46 GHz | | 2018-(8) | Arturo B. Rodriguez, Angélica Ganga, Liliana Godoy |
| F | | Normothermic Microwave Irradiation Induces Death of HL-60 Cells through Heat-Independent Apoptosis | 2.45 GHz | | 2017-(12) | Mamiko Asano, Satoshi Tanaka, Minoru Sakaguchi, Hitoshi Matsumura, Takako Yamaguchi, Yoshikazu Fujita, Katsuyoshi Tabuse |
| A | | Breast cancer-specific amplitude modulated radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (AM RF EMF) inhibits brain metastasis of breast cancer | - | | 2017-(1) | Sambad Sharma, Hugo Jimenez, Fei Xing, Carl Blackman, Boris Pasche, Kounosuke Watabe |
| A | | Mechanism of Low-level Microwave Radiation Effect on Brain: Frequency Limits | 450 MHz (7-1000 Hz modulated) - (SAR 0.3 W/kg) | | 2017-(1) | Hiie Hinrikus, Maie Bachmann, Jaanus Lass |
| A | | Microwaves as a Skin Permeation Enhancement Method | - | | 2017-(1) | Hamid R. Moghimi, Azadeh Alinaghi |
| F | | Precision knockdown of EGFR gene expression using radio frequency electromagnetic energy | - | | 2017-(8) | Ilya V. Ulasov, Haidn Foster, Mike Butters, Jae-Geun Yoon, Tomoko Ozawa, Theodore Nicolaides, Xavier Figueroa, Parvinder Hothi, Michael Prados, John Butters, Charles Cobbs |
| A | | Epitaxy of the bound water phase on hydrophilic surfaces of biopolymers as key mechanism of microwave radiation effects on living objects (water) | - | | 2017-(1) | Denis B. Kuznetsov , Ekaterina V. Orlova, Valery A. Neschislyaev, Igor L. Volkhin, Igor V. Izmestiev, Igor V. Lunegov, Alevtina V. Balandina, Dina G. Dianova |
| F | | Evaluation of the Effect of Radiofrequency Radiation Emitted From Wi-Fi Router and Mobile Phone Simulator on the Antibacterial Susceptibility of Pathogenic Bacteria Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli | 900 MHz, 2.4 GHz - (SAR 0.13 W/kg & others ) | | 2017-(8) | M. Taheri, S. M. J. Mortazavi, M. Moradi, S. Mansouri, G. R. Hatam, F. Nouri |
| A | | Extremely low-level microwaves attenuate immune imbalance induced by inhalation exposure to low-level toluene in mice | 8.15–18 GHz - 0.001 mW/cm2 | | 2017-(1) | Elena G. Novoselova, Olga V. Glushkova, Maxim O. Khrenov, Tatyana V. Novoselova, Sergey M. Lunin, Eugeny E. Fesenko |
| F | | The role of p38 protein kinase in mouse responses to low-intensity electromagnetic radiation of the centimeter range | 8.15–18 GHz - 0.001 mW/cm2 | | 2016-(7) | Olga V. Glushkova, Maxim O. Khrenov, E.V. Vinogradova, Sergey M. Lunin, Eugeny E. Fesenko, Elena G. Novoselova |
| F | | Plant Responses to High Frequency Electromagnetic Fields (review) | (300 MHz–3 GHz) | | 2016-(14) | Alain Vian, Eric Davies, Michel Gendraud, Pierre Bonnet |
| A | | Mechanism of low-level microwave radiation effect on nervous system | 450 MHz (7, 40 & 1000 Hz pulse) - 0.16 mW/cm2 | | 2016-(1) | Hiie Hinrikus, Maie Bachmann, Denis Karai, Jaanus Lass |
| F | | Effectiveness of an Innovative Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields Stimulation in Healing of Untreatable Skin Ulcers in the Frail Elderly: Two Case Reports | 10.5 GHz (pulsed) 0.0000005–0.0001 mW/cm2 | | 2015-(7) | Fabio Guerriero, Emanuele Botarelli, Gianni Mele, Lorenzo Polo, Daniele Zoncu, Paolo Renati, Carmelo Sgarlata, Marco Rollone, Giovannoi Ricevuti, Niccolò Maurizi, Matthew Francis, Mariangela Rondanelli, Simone Perna, Davide Guido, Piero Mannu |
| A | | Inter-individual and intra-individual variation of the effects of pulsed RF EMF exposure on the human sleep EEG | 900 MHz (2 Hz pulse) - (max. SAR 2 W/kg (10g)) | | 2015-(1) | Caroline Lustenberger, Manuel Murbach, Laura Tüshaus, Flavia Wehrle, Niels Kuster, Peter Achermann, Reto Huber |
| F | | Microwave effect on diffusion: a possible mechanism for non-thermal effect (water) | 450 MHz - 0.160 mW/cm2 (SAR 0.4 W/kg) | | 2014-(7) | Hiie Hinrikus, Jaanus Lass, Denis Karai, Kristjan Pilt, Maie Bachmann |
| F | | Mobile Phone Radiation Alters Proliferation of Hepatocarcinoma Cells | 900-1800 MHz - (SAR 2 W/kg) | | 2014-(9) | Elcin Ozgur, Goknur Guler, Gorkem Kismali, Nesrin Seyhan |
| F | | Detection of Pathogenic Bacteria in Aqueous Media: Assessing the Potential of Real-Time Electromagnetic Wave Sensing | 2-10 GHz | | 2014-(6) | I. Nakouti, O. Korostynska, A. Mason and A. I. Al-Shamma’a |
| F | | Microwave absorption and permittivity of protein and microtubule solution | 0.2-50 GHz | | 2014-(80) | Ondrej Krivosudský |
| F | | Investigation of Antibacterial Effects of Electromagnetic Waves Emitted by Mobile Phones | 1800 MHz - (SAR 0.76 W/kg) | | 2013-(6) | Ayhan Akbal, Hasan H. Balik |
| F | | The role of the NF-κB, SAPK/JNK, and TLR4 signalling pathways in the responses of RAW 264.7 cells to extremely low-intensity microwaves | 8.15-18 GHz - 0.0014 mW/cm2 | | 2014-(19) | Olga V. Glushkova, Maxim O. Khrenov, Tatyana V. Novoselova, Sergey M. Lunin, Svetlana B. Parfenyuk, Stanislav I. Alekseev, Eugeny E. Fesenko, Elena G. Novoselova |
| F | | Effect of low power microwave radiation on pigment production in bacteria | 2.4 GHz (owen) | | 2014-(5) | Shreya Raval, Vimla Chaudhari, Haren Gosai, Vijay Kothari |
| F | | Effect of Low Power Microwave on Bacterial Growth, Protein Synthesis, and Intracellular Enzyme (Glucose-6-phosphatase and β-galactosidase) Activity | 2.4 GHz (owen) | | 2013-(7) | Toshi Mishra, Preemada Kushwah, Vijay Kothari |
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| F | | REAC technology as optimizer of stallion spermatozoa liquid storage | 2.4-5.8 GHz | | 2017-(12) | Fiammetta Berlinguer, Valeria Pasciu, Sara Succu, Ignazio Cossu, Sabrina Caggiu, Daniela Addis, Alessandro Castagna, Vania Fontani, Salvatore Rinaldi, Eraldo Sanna Passino |
| F | | REAC technology modifies pathological neuroinflammation and motor behaviour in an Alzheimer’s disease mouse model | 2.4 GHz | | 2016-(12) | Luca Lorenzini, Alessandro Giuliani, Sandra Sivilia, Vito Antonio Baldassarro, Mercedes Fernandez, Matteo Lotti Margotti, Luciana Giardino, Vania Fontani, Salvatore Rinaldi, Laura Calzà |
| F | | Radio Electric Asymmetric Conveyer: A Novel Neuromodulation Technology in Alzheimer’s and Other Neurodegenerative Diseases | 2.4-5.8 GHz | | 2015-(4) | Salvatore Rinaldi, Laura Calzà, Luciana Giardino, Gabriele E. M. Biella, Antonio G. Zippo, Vania Fontani |
| F | | Neurological morphofunctional differentiation induced by REAC technology in PC12. A neuro protective model for Parkinson’s disease | 2.4 GHz - 0,00004 mW/cm2 (SAR 0,00012 W/kg) | | 2015-(8) | Margherita Maioli, Salvatore Rinaldi, Rossana Migheli, Gianfranco Pigliaru, Gaia Rocchitta, Sara Santaniello, Valentina Basoli, Alessandro Castagna, Vania Fontani, Carlo Ventura, Pier Andrea Serra |
| F | | Stem cell senescence. Effects of REAC technology on telomerase-independent and telomerase-dependent pathways | 2.4 GHz - (SAR 0.00012 W/kg) | | 2014-(8) | S. Rinaldi, M. Maioli, G. Pigliaru, A. Castagna, S. Santaniello, V. Basoli, V. Fontani, C. Ventura |
| F | | Anti-senescence efficacy of radio-electric asymmetric conveyer technology | 2.4 GHz - (SAR 0.00012 W/kg) | | 2014-(12) | Margherita Maioli, Salvatore Rinaldi,corresponding author Sara Santaniello, Alessandro Castagna, Gianfranco Pigliaru, Alessandro Delitala, Matteo Lotti Margotti, Luigi Bagella, Vania Fontani, Carlo Ventura |
| F | | Radio Electric Conveyed Fields Directly Reprogram Human Dermal Skin Fibroblasts Toward Cardiac, Neuronal, and Skeletal Muscle-Like Lineages | 2.4 GHz - (SAR 0.00012 W/kg) | | 2013-(7) | Margherita Maioli, Salvatore Rinaldi, Sara Santaniello, Alessandro Castagna, Gianfranco Pigliaru, Sara Gualini, Claudia Cavallini, Vania Fontani, Carlo Ventura |
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