Modelling biophoton emission kinetics based on the initial intensity value in Helianthus annuus plants exposed to different types of stress

" .... our observation that stress applied to the test plants induced UPE emission with curves that can be depicted with different kinetics according to the type of stress, it could be hypothesized that similarly to the differing dynamics of ROS waves reflecting the actual stimulus, biophotons accompanying ROS bursts “encode” the specificity of the stress the plant was exposed to." {Credits 1}

" There is a plethora of investigations aimed at demonstrating the emission of ultra-low intensity electromagnetic waves emanating from all biological systems studied hitherto [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14]. These studies can be considered to be the late repercussions of Gurwitch’s early findings [15] reporting on weak electromagnetic wave radiation in the UV-range of the spectrum which he dubbed “mitogenetic radiation” detected in onion root tips. Albeit Gurwitch’s experiment has long sunk into oblivion, interest in the detection of spontaneous ultra-low level electromagnetic radiation in biological systems has rekindled recently. The intensifying interest can be attributed to the observation that this ultra-weak photon emission (UPE) is associated with metabolic reactions, particularly with the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), therefore its measurement offers a non-invasive tool in stress physiological research." {Credits 1}

" The physical analysis of UPE hints at its coherent state-related properties inferred from photocount statistics data, its spectral distribution and its decay kinetics31. Popp et al. [31,32] argue that the characteristics of DNA make it suitable for storing light. Popp et al. implies UPE even in intra- and intercellular communication and suggests that cell growth and differentiation as well as supraindividual interactions may even be governed by a putative biophoton field around living systems31. Whether UPE conveys information for biological entities is still under dispute." {Credits 1}

" The question addressed by a number of authors [2,31] in the context of whether biophoton emissions convey any biologically relevant information (coded e.g. in frequency, intensity, bandwidth-change) could only be answered through a series of experiments followed by meticulous analyses of the UPE including their statistical evaluations. Studying the statistical properties of UPE may prove useful not only in describing the physiological state of an organism, but it could also yield information pertaining to whether biophotons can be implicated in biologically relevant information processing at the intra-and possibly at the inter-individual level [2,31,32,39,40,41,42,43,44]. In light of the non-trivial statistical characteristics of biophoton radiation ubiquitous in living organisms [30,31], the supposition that UPE conveys biologically relevant information is attractive. In this context, the studying of the parameters of the detected light (wavelength, intensity) emanating from biological systems are of particular importance. Although some authors claim that UPE is a coherent light emanation [31] prompting the interpretation of photon count statistics in terms of quantum optical squeezed states [45,46,47,48], recent experimental data do not appear to bolster this view [49]. Nevertheless, as living organisms represent a high level of complexity, it is reasonable to suppose that UPE likewise manifests complex statistical features [50,51,52] which could potentially be unravelled by employing fractal analysis or entropy-based methods [52]." {Credits 1}

{Credits 1} 🎪 Pónya, Z., Somfalvi-Tóth, K. Modelling biophoton emission kinetics based on the initial intensity value in Helianthus annuus plants exposed to different types of stress. Sci Rep 12, 2317 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-06323-3. © 2022 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.