An Open Question Is Non-Ionizing Radiation a Tool for Controlling Apoptosis-Induced Proliferation

" This review will describe the literature that highlights the tantalizing possibility that non-ionizing radiation could be used to manipulate apoptosis-induced proliferation to either promote growth (for regenerative medicine) or inhibit it (for cancer therapies)." {Credits 1}

" Theoretical modeling suggests that one way in which NIR can control ROS levels is by influencing the spin state of electrons, thus altering levels of free radicals." {Credits 1}

" A study on neuroblastoma (immature nerve cell tumor) cell lines found that exposure to a combination of a 1 mT static magnetic field and a 50 Hz extremely-low radiofrequency field affected proliferation but not apoptosis [72]. A more recent report showed instead that when neuroblastoma and nephroblastoma (kidney tumor) cells were exposed to a combination of a 5.1 mT static magnetic field and a 50 Hz radiofrequency field, there was a decrease in cell proliferation and an increase in apoptosis [73]. To complicate matters, the effects from exposure to weak magnetic fields (<1 mT) may depend on tissue type. When renal cells were exposed to a 500 µT weak magnetic field there was a decrease in apoptosis and proliferation, while astrocytes exposed to the same field strength yielded an increase in apoptotic and proliferative cells [74]." {Credits 1}

" Two fibrosarcoma cell culture studies demonstrate this phenomenon. When a fibrosarcoma cell line was exposed to a combination of a 45 µT static magnetic field and a 10 MHz, 10 µT weak radiofrequency magnetic field, there was a significant increase in the production of ROS but a reduction in cell proliferation [12,87]. However, when fibrosarcoma cells were exposed to weak static magnetic fields across a range from 0–600 µT, ROS levels and proliferation were either increased or decreased depending on field strength, as predicted by theoretical modeling [12,87]. These binary/opposing effects have also been found in vivo." {Credits 1}

{Credits 1} 🎪 Hack, S.J.; Kinsey, L.J.; Beane, W.S. An Open Question: Is Non-Ionizing Radiation a Tool for Controlling Apoptosis-Induced Proliferation? Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 11159. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222011159. © 2021 The Authors. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.